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第一章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
2、判断题：
Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
3、判断题：
Language is used to record the facts, which is the informative function of language, also called ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
4、判断题：
Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
5、单选题：
If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _______.
A:prescriptive
B:analytic
C:descriptive
D:linguistic
答案: descriptive
6、单选题：
Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
A:Arbitrariness
B:Displacement
C:Duality
D:Meaningfulness
答案: Meaningfulness
7、单选题：
Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _______ and meanings.
A:sense
B:sounds
C:objects
D:ideas
答案: sounds
8、单选题：
Saussure took a(n) _______ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ________ point of view.
A:sociological…psychological
B:psychological…sociological
C:applied…pragmatic
D:semantic…linguistic
答案: sociological…psychological
9、多选题：
According to Jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?
A:referential
B:conative
C:interpersonal
D:metalingual
答案: referential;conative;metalingual
10、多选题：
Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?
A:Morphology
B:Semantics
C:psycholinguistics
D:phonetics
答案: Morphology;Semantics;phonetics
第二章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.
A:对
B:错
答案: 错
2、判断题：
Distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.
A:对
B:错
答案: 对
3、单选题：
What is the difference between the fields of phonetics and phonology?
A:Phonetics is mostly concerned with the production of vowels and consonants, while phonology is more about phenomena such as tone.
B:Phonetics is the more general discipline concerned with all kinds of sounds, whereas phonology is specifically concerned with modern experimental methodologies.
C:Phonetics is concerned with historical data, whereas phonology is concerned with how language is actually spoken.
D:Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
答案: Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
4、单选题：
Question: Which of the following sounds is velar ?
A:r
B:A.
g
C:s
D:p
E:h
答案: A.
g
5、单选题：
Which of the following sounds is not alveolar?
A:t
B:s
C:d
D:f
答案: f
6、单选题：
Would it be useful to compare German and English when trying to establish how English was spoken in the past?
A:Yes, because they have a spelling that is very similar.
B:Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.
C:Yes, because German is an older language than English.
D:Yes, because all languages were pronounced in similar ways in the more distant past.
E:No, because English is an older language than German.
F:No, because there is no archeological record about the relationship between the two languages.
答案: Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.
7、单选题：
In German, the word ‘Kind’ (child) has the plural form Kind-er. In the letter d is actually pronounced as [t], but in the plural form one pronounces it as a [d]. Which phonological feature is involved in this alternation?
A:Velar
B:Manner of articulation
C:Voice
D:Place of articulation
E:Sonorant
答案: Voice
8、单选题：
English and German have relatively large vowel inventories. What reason does the discussion provide for this?
A:These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.
B:Earlier distinctions between long and short vowels developed into vowel quality contrasts in these languages.
C:Because of extensive language contact, these languages borrowed vowels from each other.
D:These languages have a long writing tradition, influencing the number of vowels that can be expressed.
E:These languages are relatively old and had more time to develop the vowel inventory.
答案: These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.
9、多选题：
How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?
A:Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.
B:Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.
C:Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
D:Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.
E:Children become gradually aware of features.
答案: Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.;Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.;Children become gradually aware of features.
10、多选题：
Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.
A:Place of articulation
B:Voicing
C:Structure of articulation
D:Manner of articulation
E:Restructuring
F:Height of articulation
答案: Place of articulation;Voicing;Manner of articulation
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